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Types of Anxiety Disorders People with anxiety disorders have trouble concentrating and can become anxious. They also are at an increased risk of developing depression and certain medical conditions, such as thyroid problems. It is normal to be anxious at times like before a test or when moving into a new residence. When anxiety becomes constant and overwhelming it is possible to require treatment. The majority of anxiety disorders respond to psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Every person experiences anxiety at one time or another. This is an normal response to stress, either physical or psychological. For instance, if you observe a car speeding towards you your natural fear or anxiety response helps to keep you safe by activating the “fight or flight” response. Your heart beats faster, blood pumps into your muscles; you breathe more heavily and your body gets nervous in the event you have to flee from danger or fight an attack. Certain people, however, are plagued by anxiety that is difficult to control. This kind of worry can be harmful if it keeps you from engaging in your normal routine activities and hinders relationships, work or school. This problem is known as generalized anxiety disorder. GAD is a problem for people of all ages, however it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood or adolescence and continues throughout adulthood. It is more common in women than in men. GAD is often linked to other psychiatric disorders such as depression or dysthymia. They are also more likely to use alcohol and drugs. Treatment for anxiety disorders typically involves psychotherapy and medications. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can help you manage your symptoms. Finding a therapist that specializes in anxiety disorders may prove beneficial. Cognitive behavioral therapy is most efficient for GAD. It helps you challenge distorted thoughts and use relaxation techniques. Treatments for anxiety that are short-term are typically treated with medication. Several types of antidepressants are effective, including escitalopram (Lexapro) duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR). Talk to your doctor about these medications prior to starting treatment. Social anxiety disorder, previously known as social fear is a source of extreme anxiety and discomfort in social situations. You may feel that you're not able to speak to others or that they are looking at you. Some people with this disorder are so worried that they avoid social situations. Selective Mutism is another sign of this disorder. It is a condition where people are scared of certain situations like eating in public or speaking in front strangers. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessions are uncontrollable and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses that recur in your mind, causing anxiety or even distress. Compulsions are behaviors like washing, counting or checking that you are driven to do in order to reduce the anxiety or distress caused by an obsession. Obsessions and compulsions are common among people suffering from OCD. They can consume a significant amount of time and can disrupt relationships, work, and daily activities. Obsessive-compulsive disorders affect men, women and children of all age groups. It can be diagnosed as early as the early years of life however, symptoms are more likely to manifest during puberty or early adulthood. The specific cause of OCD isn't known, but it's believed that some regions of the brain isn't as normal. It may be linked to an imbalance in serotonin, a chemical that affects your mood. There's also a significant genetic component. If one or more family members have OCD There's 25% chance that you will experience it. OCD sufferers often feel in a position of powerlessness to stop their obsessions and compulsions. They realize that they're wrong and don't enjoy their compulsions but feel compelled to act to prevent bad things from happening or to escape the stress that their obsessive thinking creates. While obsessions and compulsions are difficult to overcome, there are many treatments available that can aid. Psychological treatment, such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and exposure and response prevention therapy (ERP) can help to reduce OCD symptoms for the majority of people. In ERP therapy, your therapist gradually exposes to the things or situations that trigger your obsessional thoughts, like touching dirty objects, and helps you to resist relying on your compulsive actions (for example, hand-washing) in order that your anxiety decreases over time. SSRIs are also prescribed to certain people suffering from OCD. These drugs increase serotonin in the brain. Other forms of psychological treatments include mindfulness-based behavioural therapies and mindfulness therapy such as acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) or meditation. ACT helps you to accept your obsessive and negative thoughts and removes their power over you. Meditation and relaxation techniques are helpful in managing stress. Panic Disorder Panic disorder (PD), also known as panic attacks or anxiety is characterized by repeated episodes that reach their peak in a matter of minutes. Symptoms include trembling, sweating and nausea, chest pains and breathlessness. These episodes can happen due to traumatizing experiences or spontaneously. People who suffer from PD are also constantly worried about the possibility of panic attacks occurring in the future and avoid situations that they fear could trigger a panic attack. Like other anxiety disorders, PD can cause significant stress and can affect your daily life. It affects both genders equally however it is more common for those who have been through trauma or a stressful experience. It is also more likely to occur in people who have an ancestral history of anxiety or depression. Although highly effective treatment exists but only one out of 4 people who need treatment receive it. The lack of understanding about anxiety disorders, the lack of access to mental health services, and the stigma that surrounds seeking help are all barriers to treatment. The symptoms of anxiety disorders may be similar to symptoms of other diseases like hyperthyroidism or heart disease. This is why it is important to see an expert for an evaluation and the diagnosis. A licensed mental health professional will recommend specific treatment after determining the physical causes. Although the causes of anxiety disorders are not fully recognized, it is well-known that environmental and genetic factors play a part. Anxiety disorders are often passed through families and tend to appear earlier in those with an history of anxiety disorders. There are a variety of risk factors that could lead to anxiety disorders, like childhood abuse or smoking. Certain medications, such as benzodiazepines like diazepam and Valium, can also cause anxiety. Antidepressants like SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants, as well as beta-blockers to treat heart problems can reduce anxiety. Educating yourself about the different types of anxiety disorders and gaining knowledge about treatment can aid in managing your symptoms and lessen stress in daily life. Social Anxiety Disorder Social anxiety disorder is characterized by a constant and intense fear of being in public eye or in the company of other people. They fear that they will be judged negatively and may be smacked of or rejected. They usually experience a variety of physical and emotional symptoms like a fast heartbeat sweating, trembling, nausea and difficulty speaking. Their aversion to and fear of social situations could cause issues at work or with relationships. The disorder may result in other mental disorders, including addiction or depression. Psychotherapy, like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective treatment for this condition. This helps to teach alternative ways of thinking, and reduces anxiety. It helps the person recognize that their fears are not proportional to the actual danger and that they are in control over how they react and act. Another effective approach is exposure therapy, or cognitive delivered exposure. It involves gradually exposing the person to situations that cause anxiety, with the assistance of the therapist in a secure environment. Medications are also used to treat social anxiety disorder but they aren't considered to be a cure. Antianxiety medications, antidepressants and beta-blockers are all included. They are typically employed in conjunction with psychotherapy. Research is ongoing to understand the causes of this condition and to identify risk factors. It is well-known that certain genes and environmental factors can contribute. Additionally, studies have found that people affected by this condition have a greater than normal response to certain hormones within the body. It is important to seek out help for anxiety disorders since they can have a significant impact on the daily lives of people. A general practitioner or mental health specialist can identify anxiety disorders and recommend treatment. It isn't easy to ask for help, so it may be beneficial to involve a friend or family member in scheduling an appointment, or attending with the support group or a peer. Some anxiety disorders can have a negative impact on your life. They could increase the risk of depression or substance abuse, eating disorders, and suicide. If you or someone you know is experiencing thoughts of suicide, contact a suicide prevention hotline for assistance.